Pages: 71-79

Abstract

Introduction: Nigeria is one of the countries with highest burdens of tuberculosis (TB) in the world with estimated incidence of 158 per 100,000 populations. Tuberculosis (TB) spread pattern is influenced by geographic and social factors. Nowadays Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR), technical procedure is one of the most important epidemiological instrumentation identifying high-risk population groups and geographic areas of TB. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the prevalence of TB and Attributable Death in different climate condition in Nigeria during 1990-2016.Method:Through an ecological study, sample size of 18,011was randomly selected by systematic random sampling and 14743 for the prevalence of TB incidence and 3268 was selected for the attributable death rate in the country.Data were analysed through SPSS software. Independent t-test, ANOVA, Linear regression, Pearson and Eta correlation coefficient with a significance level of less than 5% were used for the statistical analysis. Result: The highest mean of TB cumulative incidence was recorded between the age range (50-69) years and Attributable death rate was observed between the age range (15-49) years. There was a significant inverse correlation between prevalence of TB and Attributable death rate incidence rate. The lowest prevalence of TB and attributable death rate incidence was shown from the graphbetween the ages (under 5) years. Conclusion: The study shows that the risk of TB disease has a strong relationship with climate condition especially with age range between (50-69) years. Moreso, this study suggests that additional efforts are still needed to ensure that Nigeria is not left behind in the current global strategy to end TB disease.Reducing TB disease incidence in the country will require a multipronged approach that includes increased funding, health system strengthening and improved TB surveillance, as well as preventive efforts for alcohol use and smoking in the country. Recommendations were made for future research and development.